ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF LIFESTYLE CHOICES ON HEALTH AMONG UNIVERSITY STAFF: RISING DISEASE TRENDS

Abstract

Advancements in technology and vaccines have significantly reduced the morbidities and mortalities associated with infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. However, deaths and disabilities due to non-communicable diseases are on the rise globally. Lifestyle behaviors (LB) play a crucial role in health, wellness, and quality of life. This study assessed the health and wellness lifestyle practices of staff at a tertiary educational institution amidst the prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire on health and wellness, completed by 472 respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically Chi-square tests, at an alpha level of 0.05. The respondents, aged between 23 and 64 years, comprised 45.8% males and 54.2% females. The general knowledge on participation in moderate physical activity (GKMPA) was found to be good (60%). High percentages of respondents reported effective stress avoidance strategies (77.7%), avoidance of unsafe sexual practices (76.3%), and adherence to speed limits and seat belt usage while driving (58.8%). However, knowledge on the use of fire safety devices was poor (28.8%). Significant associations were found between age (X2=12.090, p=0.034) and staff status (X2=11.639, p=0.001) with GKMPA. Additionally, gender, age, and religion were significantly associated with fatty diet restriction, avoidance of destructive habits, and possession of fire extinguishers (p<0.05). Safe sexual orientation was significantly associated with age (X2=20.590, p=0.014) and educational status (X2=10.936, p=0.027). The findings indicate that most workers in the tertiary institution exhibit positive lifestyle behaviors towards physical activity as an aspect of wellness.