HYDROCOTYLE BONARIENSIS LEAF EXTRACTS: THEIR INFLUENCE ON RABBIT HEMODYNAMICS AND CARDIAC ACTIVITY DYNAMICS

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a significant contributor to global mortality, with 17.9 million deaths reported in 2019, accounting for nearly one-third of all global mortalities. Alarmingly, the burden of CVD disproportionately affects low- and middle-income nations, where over three-quarters of CVD-related deaths occur, with 82% of these fatalities transpiring prematurely before the age of 70 (WHO, 2017). Within the West African region, the prevalence of CVD varies widely, ranging from 12% to 69%, highlighting the urgent need for targeted interventions (Kearney et al., 2005; WHO, 2005). Hypertension, a major risk factor for CVD, stands as a prevalent and pressing concern, significantly contributing to the burden of disease. For instance, in Togo, hypertension prevalence reached 36.7% in 2012 within the commune of Lomé (Yayehd et al., 2013). Moreover, despite advancements in modern medicine, traditional remedies remain the primary form of healthcare for approximately 80% of the population in Africa and Asia, emphasizing the importance of understanding and integrating traditional practices within healthcare systems to address the complex challenges posed by CVD.