THE HIDDEN COST OF LIFESTYLE CHOICES: NCDS AND PREMATURE DEATH IN NIGERIA

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between lifestyle factors and the rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Nigeria. Rapid urbanization and globalization have influenced dietary habits, physical inactivity, and substance use, contributing to increasing rates of hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates quantitative data from surveys and health records with qualitative insights from interviews and focus groups. Findings reveal widespread unhealthy behaviors—such as high intake of salt, sugar, and fats; sedentary lifestyles; tobacco use; and harmful alcohol consumption—with notable regional disparities. Theoretical models, including the Social Determinants of Health and Health Belief Model, are applied to analyze the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors on health behaviors. The study calls for a multisectoral response, emphasizing health promotion, improved access to nutritious food, and the integration of NCD prevention into primary care. Tailored, evidence-based interventions are essential to reduce the burden of NCDs and improve health outcomes across Nigeria.