DYNAMIC INTERPLAY: INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION AND ROTATION ON JUPITER'S GREAT RED SPOT

Abstract

The atmosphere of Jupiter, with its unique chemical composition and complex dynamics, stands in stark contrast to Earth's atmosphere. Jupiter's atmosphere is characterized by the presence of trace impurities such as CH4, NH3, H2S, PH3, and C2H6 in minuscule quantities. Moreover, the visible disk of Jupiter exhibits intricate and dynamic features, including zonal circulation patterns and uneven latitudinal distribution of horizontal wind velocities within its atmosphere. Notably, Jupiter's atmosphere harbors a robust equatorial acceleration, encompassing latitudes ranging from -15 to +15, with distinct features at latitudes of -7 and +7, coexisting with a more sluggish flow at the equator. Another intriguing aspect is the presence of a formidable jet stream at a latitude of 25, symmetrically positioned relative to the Great Red Spot (GRS) at a latitude of -20, a celestial phenomenon that has captivated observers for over 350 years. This study delves into various atmospheric phenomena on Jupiter, including cyclones, anticyclones, turbulence, and the enigmatic Great Red Spot, which has piqued the interest of numerous researchers. Discussions regarding the nature of the Great Red Spot persisted until 1979 when the Voyager 1 spacecraft transmitted its first detailed images to Earth, conclusively confirming that the Great Red Spot is a long-lived atmospheric storm on Jupiter. However, a significant revelation from prior research is that the size and proportions of the Great Red Spot have experienced substantial reductions over the past century, spanning from 1880 to 2000, with ongoing shrinkage at a rate of 0.190. The primary drivers behind these changes involve the drift of the Great Red Spot, variations in its rotational period with respect to Jupiter's disk, as well as fluctuations in its axial rotation period. Furthermore, longitudinal oscillations and the complex dynamics of the Great Red Spot continue to present intriguing puzzles for researchers. This study also investigates the internal dynamics and structure of the Great Red Spot, shedding light on the nature of its peripheral ring, its distinctive coloration, and its interactions with other oval formations within the Jovian atmosphere. These intricate details provide valuable insights into the ever-evolving nature of this remarkable celestial feature.